RFQ vs RFP vs RFI: Complete Comparison
Understand the key differences between RFQ, RFP, and RFI — when to use each, their purpose, and how they fit into the procurement process.
RFQ — Request for Quotation
RFP — Request for Proposal
Detailed Comparison
| Feature | RFQ — Request for Quotation | RFP — Request for Proposal |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Purpose | Obtain pricing | Obtain solutions |
| Focus | Price-driven | Solution-driven |
| Complexity | Simple | Complex |
| Response Time | 3-7 days | 2-6 weeks |
| Evaluation Criteria | Price primarily | Technical + Price |
| Number of Suppliers | 3+ recommended | 3-5 recommended |
| Legal Complexity | Low | High |
| Best Use Case | Office supplies, raw materials, hardware | Software, consulting, construction |
Quick Summary
- ✓ Use RFQ when you know exactly what you need and want competitive pricing from multiple suppliers.
- ✓ Use RFP when requirements are complex and you need vendors to propose solutions and methodologies.
- ✓ Many organizations use both — RFP for the overall project and RFQ for specific commodity items.
When to Use Each
Choose RFQ — Request for Quotation
Use an RFQ for standard, well-defined purchases where price is the main differentiator. Best for commodities, office supplies, raw materials, and anything with clear specifications.
Choose RFP — Request for Proposal
Use an RFP for complex needs requiring vendor expertise. Best for IT systems, consulting services, construction projects, and anything where the solution approach matters as much as the price.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use RFQ and RFP together?
Yes. A common approach is to issue an RFP for overall project scope, then RFQs for specific commodity items.
What is the difference in cost?
RFQs are cheaper and faster to process. RFPs require more time and resources for evaluation.
Which is more common?
RFQs are far more common in day-to-day procurement. RFPs are used for larger, more strategic purchases.
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